{"id":126037,"date":"2020-12-24T09:58:13","date_gmt":"2020-12-24T14:58:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/?p=126037"},"modified":"2020-12-16T19:24:21","modified_gmt":"2020-12-17T00:24:21","slug":"it-is-time-to-saddle-up","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/it-is-time-to-saddle-up\/","title":{"rendered":"It is time to saddle up!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-569 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/slaton.jpg\" alt=\"slaton\" width=\"100\" height=\"104\" \/> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-571 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/patterson.jpg\" alt=\"patterson\" width=\"100\" height=\"104\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Nagle-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-126039 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Nagle-1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"104\" height=\"104\" \/><\/a><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #808080;\">FAILURES<\/span><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong>Deborah Slaton, David S. Patterson, AIA, and Michael Nagle<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Moisture-related problems are common at critical interface conditions in the building enclosure due to discontinuities in the air\/moisture control layers. One such instance is where a parapet at a lower roof meets an exterior rising wall of an upper floor or another enclosure assembly (Figure 1). Failures at this parapet-to-wall condition often occur when control layers are not fully integrated between the parapet and rising wall. The integration can be challenging when different cladding assemblies make up the exterior building enclosure. This building condition is particularly vulnerable, as rainwater that sheets down the outer surface of the rising wall exposes this interface to an increased volume of water, and, consequently, to the risk of water infiltration if integration of the control layers is not properly addressed. Lack of integration of the parapet with internal drainage mechanisms in rising walls can also result in water leakage to the building interior. Water infiltration can lead to deterioration of the wood blocking, exterior sheathing, insulation, and framing\u2014which may not be immediately visible\u2014as well as to interior finishes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_126040\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-126040\" style=\"width: 268px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-126040\" src=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 1: Example of parapet wall terminated at the exterior face of the adjacent rising wall. No integration of the roofing to the air\/water control layers of the rising wall, which are inboard of the brick, is provided.  Photos courtesy Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc.\" width=\"268\" height=\"201\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 268px) 100vw, 268px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-126040\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Figure 1:<\/strong> Example of parapet wall terminated at the exterior face of the adjacent rising wall. No integration of the roofing to the air\/water control layers of the rising wall, which are inboard of the brick, is provided.<\/span><br \/><em><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Photos courtesy Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc.<\/span><\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>At locations where water leakage to the building interior is occurring in the vicinity of such interface conditions, the detail membrane for the air\/moisture control layers of the parapet, roof membrane, and\/or metal coping at the top of the parapet is often terminated at the exterior face (outboard of the drainage plane) of the rising wall, rather than being integrated with the air\/moisture control layers of the rising wall. Such conditions are often due to a lack of understanding by the designer and\/or installer of the importance of integrating the control layers of the wall assemblies, poor trade coordination, or sequencing of the work that does not allow for proper integration of assemblies. Drawings and specifications should define fully the intended integration of the air\/moisture control layers of intersecting walls. The level of detail required is largely dependent on the complexity of the condition and enclosure assemblies. Use of three-dimensional, step-by-step details can also be beneficial to illustrate complex conditions. Incorporation of pre-construction and field mockups is also essential to proper implementation of the details (Figure 2).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_126041\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-126041\" style=\"width: 267px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-2-saddle-flashing-mock-up.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-126041\" src=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-2-saddle-flashing-mock-up-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 2: In-progress saddle flashing mockup, illustrating proper integration of parapet flashing components with the air\/water control layers of the rising wall.\" width=\"267\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-2-saddle-flashing-mock-up-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-2-saddle-flashing-mock-up-500x375.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-2-saddle-flashing-mock-up-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-2-saddle-flashing-mock-up.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-126041\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><strong>Figure 2:<\/strong> In-progress saddle flashing mockup, illustrating proper integration of parapet flashing components with the air\/water control layers of the rising wall.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A common method of integrating parapets with the intersecting walls is by using three-dimensional fully soldered or sealed sheet metal or molded saddle flashings in combination with detail membranes that straddle the top of the parapet, with integral flanges that are in-plane with the parapet and rising walls. At the parapet and rising wall interfaces, the saddle flashings are integrated with the air\/moisture control layers or accessories, to shed water to the drainage plane of the wall assembly or to the exterior. Examples of saddle flashing details are provided by the EIFS Industry Members Association (EIMA) and the Sheet Metal &amp; Air Conditioning Contractors\u2019 National Association (SMACNA).<\/p>\n<p>Parapet-to-rising wall conditions that are aligned with fenestration and other cladding assemblies may require further consideration and specialized detailing.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #999999;\">The opinions expressed in Failures are based on the authors\u2019 experiences and do not necessarily reflect those of <em>The Construction Specifier<\/em> or CSI.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Deborah Slaton is an architectural conservator and principal with Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates (WJE) in Northbrook, Illinois, specializing in historic preservation and materials conservation. She can be reached at <a href=\"mailto:dslaton@wje.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dslaton@wje.com<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>David S. Patterson, AIA, is an architect and senior principal with WJE\u2019s office <\/em><em>in Princeton, New Jersey. He specializes in investigation and repair of the building envelope. He can be reached at <a href=\"mailto:dpatterson@wje.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dpatterson@wje.com<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Michael Nagle is an architect and associate principal with WJE\u2019s office in Cleveland, Ohio. Nagle specializes in investigation and repair of the building enclosure. He can be reached at <a href=\"mailto:mnagle@wje.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mnagle@wje.com<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Moisture-related problems are common at critical interface conditions in the building enclosure due to discontinuities in the air\/moisture control layers. One such instance is where a parapet at a lower roof meets an exterior rising wall of an upper floor or another enclosure assembly. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13542,"featured_media":126040,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,24],"tags":[80,688,5829,88,2153],"class_list":["post-126037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-columns","category-failures","tag-failures-2","tag-moisture-control","tag-parapet","tag-roofing-2","tag-water-infiltration","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>It is time to saddle up! - The Construction Specifier<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Moisture-related problems are common at critical interface conditions in the building enclosure due to discontinuities in the air\/moisture control layers.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/it-is-time-to-saddle-up\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"It is time to saddle up! 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- The Construction Specifier","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/it-is-time-to-saddle-up\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/it-is-time-to-saddle-up\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition.jpg","datePublished":"2020-12-24T14:58:13+00:00","description":"Moisture-related problems are common at critical interface conditions in the building enclosure due to discontinuities in the air\/moisture control layers.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/it-is-time-to-saddle-up\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/it-is-time-to-saddle-up\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/it-is-time-to-saddle-up\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Photo-1-parapet-to-wall-condition.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"caption":"Figure 1: Example of parapet wall terminated at the exterior face of the adjacent rising wall. No integration of the roofing to the air\/water control layers of the rising wall, which are inboard of the brick, is provided. Photos courtesy Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/it-is-time-to-saddle-up\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"It is time to saddle up!"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/","name":"The Construction Specifier","description":"Solutions for the Construction Industry","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/#organization","name":"The Construction Specifier","url":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/CS_Logo_BW_LR.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/CS_Logo_BW_LR.jpg","width":288,"height":70,"caption":"The Construction Specifier"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/#\/schema\/person\/991f070de813fbb84c1b570da5fdea1e","name":"sadia_badhon","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1d3ff700dcb6c77e12f7e53bf9f893c95d83582cc6605956286c2e143cffaf9c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1d3ff700dcb6c77e12f7e53bf9f893c95d83582cc6605956286c2e143cffaf9c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1d3ff700dcb6c77e12f7e53bf9f893c95d83582cc6605956286c2e143cffaf9c?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"sadia_badhon"},"url":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/author\/sadia_badhon\/"}]}},"views":10145,"publishpress_future_workflow_manual_trigger":{"enabledWorkflows":[]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/users\/13542"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=126037"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126037\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":126044,"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/posts\/126037\/revisions\/126044"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/media\/126040"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=126037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=126037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.constructionspecifier.com\/wp-json-v2\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=126037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}