CS_September2013.indd

This analysis does not take into account carbon emissions from harvesting and transport of aggregates. It is assumed portland cement concrete has a 40-year design life, that calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement concrete has an 80-year design life, and that reducing the cement content does not affect the design life. It is assumed that fly ash addition also has no effect on design life. Fly ash is not a zero carbon emissions material and the estimated carbon emissions are assumed to be 0.19-kg-CO2/kg-fly ash. This estimate is deduced from the annual consumption of coal in the United States, the carbon emissions from coal consumption, and the annual tonnage of fly ash produced in U.S. portland cement emissions data from www.CO2list.org. Emissions data and lifecycle analysis of portland cement are taken from Bognacki et al.’s article “Increasing the Service Lives of Airport Pavements” in the January 2012 issue of Concrete International. It is proposed a maximum of 550-lb/cy of cement is required to achieve a design life of 40 to 50 years. It is also assumed that the Port Authority mix design can achieve a 100-year lifecycle due to lower water content and permeability.

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