Avoiding limestone staining at grade

Limestone at the base of a building façade is vulnerable to staining from various sources, including planting beds or soil adjacent to the wall, water or snow collecting against the building, and ice-melters used on sidewalks and paving.
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A well-cast stone (in concrete)

Cast stone is a highly refined architectural precast concrete manufactured to resemble natural building stone. Its popularity was related to the rapid development of the portland cement and concrete industries in the late 19th century.
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Critical bonds

In the southeastern United States, a 12-story office building, constructed in the early 1930s, experienced uncontrolled water leakage through its mass masonry exterior wall.
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Protect the roof

One of the most critical (but often neglected) components in ensuring ‘watertightness,’ the roof assembly is typically installed early to protect the unfinished building from water penetration, enabling interior work to advance.
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Finish failure

Elastomeric wall coatings (EWCs) are an important part of new and remedial construction, protecting cladding from water penetration. Assuming they are properly applied, premature failures of EWCs typically involve their manufacturing formulation.
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Air Vapor Barriers: When in doubt, box it out

Air vapor barriers (AVBs) are critical in controlling air and moisture transport within building enclosure assemblies. Ignoring bulk water penetration, moisture-related issues experienced within the building enclosure are more commonly the result of moisture transport through air movement..
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